Aurora AMH Assay

The anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a dimeric glycoprotein belonging to the transformed growth factor β (TGF-β) family, involved in the regulation of tissue growth and differentiation. Prior to secretion, the hormone undergoes glycosylation and dimerization to produce an approximately 140 kD precursor of two identical disulfidelinked 70 kD subunits. Each monomer contains a large N-erminal proregion and a much smaller C-terminal mature domain. In males, AMH is secreted by the Sertoli cells of the testes. During embryonic development in males, secretion of AMH from testicular Sertoli cells is responsible for the regression of the Mullerian duct and the normal development of the male reproductive tract. The secretion of AMH by the Sertoli cells starts during the embryogenesis and continues throughout life. In females, AMH plays a vital role in the follicle development of the ovary. AMH expression in granulosa cells starts in primary follicles and is maximal in granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles up to approximately 6 mm in diameter. Serum levels of AMH are barely detectable at birth in females, reach their highest levels after puberty, decrease progressively thereafter with age, and become undetectable at menopause. In clinical, AMH has been a surrogate biomarker in diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).